The effect of pre- and after-treatment of sevoflurane on central ischemia tolerance and the underlying mechanisms

In recent years, with continuous research efforts targeted at studying the effects of pre- and after-treatment of inhaled anesthetics, significant progress has been made regarding the common clinical use of low concentrations of inhaled sevoflurane and its effect on induced central ischemia tolerance by pre- and post-treatment. In this study, we collected, analyzed, classified, and summarized recent literature regarding the effect of sevoflurane on central ischemia tolerance and its related mechanisms. In addition, we provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of sevoflurane to protect the central nervous system and other important organs against ischemic injury.

Cause analysis, prevention, and treatment of postoperative restlessness after general anesthesia in children with cleft palate

Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital malformations of the oral and maxillofacial region, with an incidence rate of around 0.1%. Early surgical repair is the only method for treatment of a cleft lip and palate. However, because of the use of inhalation anesthesia in children and the physiological characteristics of the cleft palate itself combined with the particularities of cleft palate surgery, the incidence rate of postoperative emergence agitation (EA) in cleft palate surgery is significantly higher than in other types of interventions. The exact mechanism of EA is still unclear. Although restlessness after general anesthesia in children with cleft palate is self-limiting, its effects should be considered by clinicians. In this paper, the related literature on restlessness after surgery involving general anesthesia in recent years is summarized. This paper focuses on induction factors as well as prevention and treatment of postoperative restlessness in children with cleft palate after general anesthesia. The corresponding countermeasures to guide clinical practice are also presented in this paper.

Determination of propofol in human serum by improved reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a new high-performance liquid chromatographic (HLPC) method for determination of propofol in human serum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human serum samples were precipitated with 20% perchloric acid and centrifuged to obtain 50 microl of the supernatant for analysis by HPLC coupled with fluorescence detection. The analysis was performed with a C(18) reversed-phase column using a acetonitrile-water (90:10) phase delivered at 1.0 ml/min, with the excitation wavelength of 276 nm and emission wavelength of 310 nm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The calibration curves were linear (r=0.997 5) within the concentration range of 0.05-10 microg/ml, the limit of propofol quantification was 50 ng/ml and the intra- and inter-day precisions were between -/+15%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The method is accurate, sensitive and simple for propofol determination in clinical anesthesia.</p>

Observation on the protective effect of hyperoxia solution on the acute lung injury caused by phosgene poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of hyperoxia solution on acute lung injury caused by phosgene poisoning by observing the changes of PaO2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum and Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) contents in lung tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rabbits were divided into normal control group, hyperoxia solution (H0) and balance salt (BS) groups. Group HO and Group BS inhaled phosgene and the former was given intravenously hyperoxia solution (which was replaced by balance salt solution in Group BS). The content of MDA and the activity of SOD in serum were observed at different time points, the amount of GSH and GSSG in lung tissue were also measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The serum MDA contents increased and PaO2, SOD activity decreased significantly in Group HO and Group BS along with time increasing as compared with control group. The contents of GSH in lung tissue decreased in two groups compared with that in control group, however the contents of GSSG ascended instead. (2) At 3 and 8 h of the experiment, PaO2 of Group HO [(9.91 +/- 0.49), (9.15 +/- 0.46) mm Hg respectively] were significantly higher than those of Group BS [(9.03 +/- 0.76), (8.11 +/- 0.57) mm Hg respectively] (P < 0.01). The contents of MDA of Group HO (3.66 +/- 0.35), (5.31 +/- 0.15) micromol/L respectively] were lower than those of Group BS [(4.32 +/- 0.26), (7.4 +/- 0.33) micromol/L respectively] (P < 0.01). SOD activity in Group HO [(237.37 +/- 29.96), (208.10 +/- 18.80) NU/ml respectively] were higher than those of Group BS [(195.02 +/- 21.44), (144.87 +/- 21.26) NU/ml respectively] (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The content of GSSG lung tissue in Group HO (423.67 +/- 38.21) micromol/L were lower than those of Group BS (523.85 +/- 43.14) mol/L (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the content of GSH in lung tissues between Group HO and group BS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hyperoxia solution can reduce acute lung injury of rabbits following phosgene poisoning.</p>

Effect of puerarin on neural function and histopathological damages after transient spinal cord ischemia in rabbits / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of puerarin on the neural function and the histopathological changes after ischemic spinal cord injury in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups as follows: puerarin group (n=10) receiving intravenous infusion of 30 mg/kg puerarin for 10 minutes, control group (n=10) receiving intravenous infusion of the same volume of normal saline as puerarin for 10 minutes, and sham operation group (n=10) undergoing only the surgical exposure of the abdominal aorta. Temporary spinal cord ischemia was induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion for 20 minutes and followed by reperfusion. The neural status was scored with the Tarlov criteria at 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after reperfusion. All the animals were killed at 48 hours after reperfusion and the spinal cords (L5) were removed immediately for histopathological study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The neural function scores at 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after reperfusion were higher in the puerarin group and sham operation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). More normal motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord were present in the puerarin group and sham operation group than those in the control group (P<0.01). There was a strong correlation between the final neural function scores and the number of normal motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord (r=0.839, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Puerarin can significantly ameliorate the neural function and the histopathological damages after transient spinal cord ischemia in rabbits.</p>

Effects of intense pulse light on the content of collagens and mRNA expression of procollagen in BALB/c mouse skin / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of intense pulse light(IPL)on the content of colla- gens and mRNA expression of procollagen in BALB/c mouse skin.Methods The BALB/c mice dorsal skin was irradiated by IPL.Skin specimens were taken at different time points after irradiation.Histopatho- logical changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin-staining,quantitative assessment of collagenⅠand collagenⅢwas performed with immunohistochemical staining,and mRNA expression levels of procollagen were de- tected by RT-PCR.Results After the irradiation,no obvious change was observed for the staining intensity of collegen at 1 week;however,the thickening of dermis began at 2 week,and continued until 8 week.The staining of collagenⅠandⅢwas also stronger in IPL-irradiated regions than in sham-irradiated areas at 2 week(P

Effects of propofol on metabolism of neurotransmitters in different regions of CNS in healthy volunteers / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes in the metabolism of neurotransmitters in different regions of the brain induced by propofol in healthy volunteers using the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) technology.Methods IH-MRS was performed in ten 20-40 year old healthy volunteers. Each volunteer underwent MRS scan twice. The first MRS scan was performed when they were conscious as baseline control value. The second scan was performed during target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol. The target effect-site concentration was set at 3.0 ?g?ml-1. Volume of interest (VOI) included sensory cortex, motor cortex, thalamus, hippocampus and basal ganglia. The metabolites in the spectra included N-acetyl-aspartic acid (NAA), glutamic acid (Glu), GABA, choline compounds (Cho) and creatine (Cr) .Results During TCI of propofol MAP and RR were significantly decreased ( P 0.05) as compared to the baseline value when the volunteers were conscious. During TCI of propofol the NAA content in thalamus and hippocampus, Glu content in thalamus, hippocampus and basal ganglia and Cho content in all the 5 regions of the brain were significantly decreased ( P